Origin and distribution of okra pdf

The seed pods were eaten cooked, and the seeds were toasted and ground, used as a. Okra is a popular vegetable crop in africa, india, the middle east, greece, turkey, the caribbean, south america, and the southern united states. Existence of a large number of related species with wide variability and dominant characters suggest possible role of india as a secondary centre of origin. Okra is a cultigen a plant that has been altered by humans through a process of selective breeding. Okra hibiscus esculentus is also called gumbo in this country, although the latter term is. Origin and distribution amaranth originated in america and is one of the oldest food crops in the world, with evidence of its cultivation reaching back as far as 6700 bc. Okra is an important vegetable as its contribution to ghanas agricultural gross domestic production g. The most okra families were found in the usa in 1880. Walp is one of the most ancient human food sources and has probably been used as a crop plant since neolithic times. This version is based on recipes from the 19th century, especially those of mary randolphs the virginia housewife 1824 and mrs. The possibility cannot be ruled out that misidentified germ plasm used in the experiment, accounted for the flawed conclusion. Molecular and biochemical tests carried out to test allems 19871994a hypothesis on the origin. With organized onion cultivation starting around 3,500 bc, ancient civilizations that used them soon became really dependent on this great vegetable. India is the largest producer of okra in the world.

It is believed that okra first reached the new world during the days of slave trafficking. Origin and distribution okra is a popular vegetable which originated from the hot climates of africa. This simple diy heirloom recipe has a few modern updates. Pdf on jul 1, 2014, anil kumar and others published scientific cultivation of okra find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. This report is the second in a series of three evaluating. An overview of production, processing, marketing and.

The essential and nonessential amino acids that okra contains are comparable to that of soybean. Okra is native to the old world tropics west africa and has. The main market is the united kingdom, due to its large asian and african population. It is now widely cultivated throughout the tropics. History of onion started with the earliest times of modern mankind. The term okra was in the use of english by the late 18th century 12. Comparative profit analysis of dry and rainy season okra. The clemson spineless okra variety is a very nice tasting okra which has no spines, hence. The section abelmoschus was subsequently proposed to be raised to the rank of distinct genus. An overview of production, processing, marketing and utilisation of okra in egbedore local government area of osun state, nigeria agricultural engineering international. As a fiber source, it helps to regulate digestion and maintain blood sugar levels. Okra was discovered around ethiopia during the 12th. The basic abilities of onion also proved to be very useful.

Okra originated from the abyssinian center, an area that includes ethiopia, a portion of eritrea, and the eastern, higher part of the angloegyptian sudan. Okras origin many publications still give the species origin as india, but that seems more current. Pdf okrra abelmoschus esculentus l moench researchgate. Mar 26, 2020 okra, a herbaceous hairy annual plant of the mallow family and its edible podlike fruits. Evidence supports the theory that from peru it found its way to central america where it was. The tomato begins its colorful and varied history upon the coastal highlands of western south america, where it was being enjoyed by the native peoples for a long time. Okra is an allopolyploid of uncertain parentage proposed parents include abelmoschus ficulneus, a.

Journal of food gemede et al, food process echnol 21. The name okra probabily derives from one of nigercongo group of languages the name for okra in the twi language is nkuruma 11. Because this mountainous region was so isolated for centuries, little is known about the cultivation and uses there. Damage will consist of surface pitting, pod discoloration, and excessive decay. The tomato is native to south america but growing in temperate climates worldwide. The botanical origin of cassava until 1982 there was a tendency in the literature to assume that cassava has no known ancestry a comprehensive historical background on how this arose appears in cab international2002. An overview of okra production, processing, marketing. The crop was probably taken into egypt by moslems from the east who conquered egypt in the seventh century. Fao asian regional ipmpesticide risk reduction programme.

Cbi market intelligence product factsheet fresh okra in europe 2 introduction okra is an exotic vegetable in europe and is consumed mostly by people of african, caribbean and asian origin. It helped us to survive with its great dietary value, ease of growth, ability to be stored for hungry periods and incredible medicinal properties. The genus amaranth consists of nearly 60 species, several of which are cultivated as leaf vegetables, grains or. Woldegiorgis abstract okra abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Origin and distribution of okra cultivated okra is of old world origin vavilov ethiopian region murdock west africa wild species are indigenous to africa.

Aug 27, 20 here is a peppery, historically inspired recipe for okra soup. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Texas had the highest population of okra families in 1880. The fruit is a capsule up to 18 cm long, containing numerous seeds. Okra is a multipurpose crop due to its various uses of the fresh leaves, buds, flowers, pods, stems. Okra abelmoschus esculentus is a flowering plant in the mallow family. According to uzowuru 2010 1, all parts of the okra plant are useful, its leaves and tender shoots which are equally rich in nutrients can be cooked and eaten. Okra contains carbohydrate, protein and vitamin c in large quantities adeboye and oputa, 1996. Originating in africa, the plant is cultivated in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions around the world.

Okra plant or ladys finger was previously included in the genus hibiscus. The word okra comes from the west african nkruma, and is reported to have been in use since the late 1700s. Culinary cucumber or vegetable cucumber cucumis melo subsp. The largest independent center which includes the mountainous regions of central and western china, and adjacent lowlands. Okra is native to the tropics of the eastern hemisphere and is widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics of the western hemisphere. Onion history origin and history of onions vegetable facts. Okra is one of the low fat foods with unique nutrients and phytochemical profiles and is particularly rich in dietary. Okra abelmoschus esculentus l is commonly known as bhindi or ladys finger belonging to family malvaceae. The plant is immensely adaptable and is widely distributed in the tropics, subtropics, and warmer temperate zones. Okra abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in.

Here you can find out more about garlics perfect composition of nutrients and medicinal properties. Origin, distribution and systematics of culinary cucumber. There has been a progressive increase in area and production of okra in pakistan. Gumbo is believed to be a corruption of a portuguese corruption, quingombo, of the word quillobo, native name for the plant in the congo and angola area of africa. Although other markets, like north america are now becoming leading global producers of this relative of the mallow family pants. In its origin of ethiopia it is also called kenkase berta, andeha gumuz, bamia oromicaamharic.

The exact origin of okra is unknown, but it is thought to have come from africa, where it has been grown as a crop for centuries. Okra probably originates in west africa, and is thought to have been brought to the new world during slave trafficking. The clemson spineless okra variety is a very nice tasting okra. Okra, or gumbo, from africa archives aggie horticulture.

Its cultivation spread throughout north africa and the middle east. Experimental studies on okra gum the main aim of the present investigation is to provide new sustained release excipient which, when incorporated into a final product, produces controlled release of active ingredient over an extended period of 12 hrs or more when the dosage form is exposed to g. Okra plant or lady finger was previously included in. Nutritional quality and health benefits of okra abelmoschus esculentus.

Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Evidence suggests it was grown in egypt as long ago as 2,000 bc. The okra family name was found in the usa between 1880 and 1920. Geographic origin and distribution of okra okra plant or lady finger was previously included in the genus hibiscus, section abelmoschus in the family malvaceae12. Okra has worldwide distribution throughout tropics, subtropics and. Onions were easy to grow on any kind of soil, any type of weather ecosystem, and were easy to store, dry, and preserve during winters. Okra a commercial vegetable crop belongs to family malvaceae. Origin and distribution cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Okra s potential as an oilseed crop and its drought tolerance in a world facing global warming underscore its growing importance. The eight vavilovian centers of origin for crop plants the eight vavilovian centers fig.

The section abelmoschus was subsequently proposed to be raised to the rank of distinct genus by medikus, 1787. Garlic history spans the period of around 9 thousand years of human progress, growth and expansion across entire world. Canned tomatoes and okra and canned okra and tomatoes, hereinafter called canned tomatoes and okra, is the product prepared from clean, sound, properly matured tomatoes of red or reddish varieties which may be canned, and the clean, sound, succulent, immature pods of either the green or white varieties of the okra plant which may be. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Dec 25, 2015 in todays episode we look at growing clemson spineless okra, a very popular and delicious okra variety. A range of cultivars are available, including coldtolerant forms that can be grown as far north as canada. Okra, or gumbo, from africa 0kra hibiscus esculentus is also called gumbo in this country, although the latter term is more often applied to soups or other dishes which contain okra. The size distribution of okra gum particles was estimated. Later, it was designated to abelmoschus, which is distinguished. The routes by which okra was taken from ethiopia to north africa, the eastern mediterranean, arabia, and india, and when, are by no means certain tindall, 1983. Nutritional quality and health benefits of okra abelmoschus. Okra is an allopolyploid of uncertain parentage proposed parents. A lack of archaeological evidence has resulted in contradicting views supporting africa, asia and.

In 1880 there were 9 okra families living in texas. It is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals matter. Okra most likely originated in northeast africa where okra plants can be found growing wild along the banks of the white nile river and where it has been part of the cuisine for. In general, okra has the same storage requirements as green beans, cucumber, eggplant, peppers, and. Okra originated in tropical and subtropical africa.

However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Pdf nutritional quality and health benefits of okra. Mar 14, 2019 download okra production pdf guide both okras historical origin, as well as its culinary adoption, is typically rooted in africa and south asia. Truly wild as opposed to naturalised populations are not known with certainty and the species may be a cultigen. The okra a little history and some growing instructions okra is a beautiful ornamental plant which produces flowers which resemble hollyhock or hibiscus blossoms as well as a delicious and nutritious vegetable. Etymology, origin and distribution okra is native to the old world tropics west africa and has become established in the wild in some new world tropical areas. In india, it ranks number one in its consumption but its original home is ethiopia and sudan, and. However, npk fertilizer is very expensive and therefore increases cost of production.

Oct 27, 20 but many of the health benefits of okra come from its superior fiber content. The plant belongs to the same family as hibiscus and cotton. Bhat national bureau of plant genetic resources, pusa campus, new delhi 110 012, india. Introduction molecular studies on okra yellow veins mosaic virus oyvmv biotypes page 1 chapter 1 introduction 1 introduction. Howards fifty years in a maryland kitchen 1881 edition.

The economic importance of okra cannot be overemphasized. Check out this article for a real close look into the health benefits of okra. Okra comes from a large vegetable plant thought to be of african origin, and it was brought to the united states three centuries ago by african slaves. In todays episode we look at growing clemson spineless okra, a very popular and delicious okra variety. It is an important fruit vegetable crop cultivated in various states of india.

Okra has a long history and a wealth of health benefits. Okra, a herbaceous hairy annual plant of the mallow family and its edible podlike fruits. This was about 56% of all the recorded okra s in the usa. The geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of south asian, ethiopian and west african origins.